Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family myrtaceae, syzygium aromaticum. Native from india to myanmar and east indies, but widely cultivated in. Antivirulence agent quorum sensing eugenol pseudomonas aeruginosa cautis cytotoxic evaluation of cbf abstract objective. Syzygium aromaticum is a very tropical tree and does not tollerate cold neutral. Syzygium aromaticum, a medicinal plant commonly known as clove, is used to treat toothache, respiratory disorders, inflammation, and gastrointestinal disorders.
Clove syzygium aromaticum is one of the worlds most valuable spices and has been used for centuries as a food preservative and for many medicinal purposes. Overview information clove is a plant grown in parts of asia and south america. Recent trends in indian traditional herbs syzygium. Syzygium is the largest genus of the family myrtaceae 3. It has been selected for evaluation for its antimicrobial properties to justify its use in traditional pharmacopoeia. Syzygium aromaticum, commonly called cloves, and locally called kenepeli and kanumpari by the igala and hausa ethnic groups of central and northern nigeria, respectively, is a common spice used in local beverages in the middle belt and. Just one main quibble is the silly way of having two separate entries for each plant. This plant represents one of the richest source of phenolic compounds such as eugenol. Syzygium aromaticum clove, zanzibar redhead pfaf plant. Ars germplasm resources information network syar2 calphotos syar2 integrated taxonomic information system caar26. Syzygium is a genus of flowering plants that belongs to the myrtle family, myrtaceae. As you know the clove oil, distilled from clove bud, root, bark, twig, and fruit, can be used as germicide, spice, mouthwash, local anesthetics for toothache, synthetic vanillin, flavoring agent and enhancer. Antivirulence potential of eugenolrich fraction of syzygium aromaticum against multidrug resistant uropathogens isolated from catheterized patients prasanth rathinam, pragasam viswanathan renal research lab, centre for bio medical research, school of bio sciences and technology, vellore institute of technology, vellore, india article history.
Antibacterial activity of syzygium aromaticum clove with. A spicy, warming, stimulant herb, it is strongly antiseptic, relieves pain, controls nausea and vomiting, improves digestion, protects against intestinal. A crude meoh extract of syzygium aromaticum clove exhibited preferential growthinhibitory activity against gramnegative anaerobic periodontal oral pathogens, including porphyromonas gingivalis and prevotella intermedia. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region the reddishgrey or reddishbrown heartwood is fine grained and is utilized in exterior joinery and carpentry. Oct 03, 2019 our evidencebased analysis on syzygium aromaticum features 6 unique references to scientific papers. Syzygium aromaticum commonly known as clove, is an median size tree from the mirtaceae family native from the maluku islands in east indonesia. Most other antioxidants are rated in the tens of thousands to a maximum of a few hundred thousand at best. The plants database includes the following 16 species of syzygium. Compounds from syzygium aromaticum possessing growth. Syzygium aromaticum, the scientific name of cloves, is such a versatile plant. It is believed that the clovetree is originally native to the maluku.
Syzygium aromaticum is a tree in the family myrtaceae, native to indonesia with the aromatic flower buds known as cloves, and commonly used as a spice. Producing the oil from clove buds concentrates cloves eugenol, the main. Cloves benefits and uses and side effects as herbal medicine. Many people are surprised to learn that clove is actually a flower bud. The clove tree is an ultratropical tree which will not survive temperatures below 50f, or above 100f. The english common name cloves derives from the latin word clavus, which means nail. Recent trends in indian traditional herbs syzygium aromaticum. These active cons isoquercetin, kaempferol tituents impart multiple pharmacological activities to the plant which includes antidiabetic, anticancer. Potential of clove of syzygium aromaticum in development of a. The plant is now found both in the wild and under cultivation and many cultivars with distinct morphological features in the leaves, fruit sizes, colour, and shape variations are known. These active cons isoquercetin, kaempferol tituents impart multiple pharmacological activities to the plant which includes antidiabetic, anticancer, antioxidant. India is a wellknown treasure of medicinal plants diversity, since ancient time as many plant species have medicinal value and are being used by local people for. Many plant species have been reported to have pharmacological activities attributable to their phytoconstituents such are glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenes, etc.
Obtaining the essential oil of syzygium aromaticum. An excellent online database of a huge range of trees giving very good information on each plant its uses, ecology, identity, propagation, pests etc. Syzygium antisepticum, syzygium gratum, eugenia glaucicalyx, eugenia grata, syzygium glaucicalyx kalaum, malaruhat syzygium aqueum, eugenia aquea water cherry, watery rose apple. Syzygium aqueum watery roseapple syzygium aromaticum clove syzygium.
Each member of our research team is required to have no conflicts of interest, including with supplement manufacturers, food companies, and industry. Syzygium aromaticum wikipedia, ti nawaya nga ensiklopedia. Patneng dagitoy iti isisla maluku iti indonesia, ken kadawyan a maususar a kas rekado dagiti nagibasaran. Cloves syzygium aromaticum, many medicinal uses have been most famously applied to toothache, and for mouth and throat inflammation. Syzygium aromaticum supplement health benefits, dosage. Uses, side effects, interactions, dosage, and warning. Morphological character of raja clove syzygium aromaticum l. Has 532 biological activities, 45 ethnobotanical uses. Syzygium aromaticum an overview sciencedirect topics. In persia and china, it was considered to have aphrodisiac properties. Over the last 23 years one particular species syzygium buxifolium has begun to make an appearance on the european bonsai scene. Clove is native of indonesia but nowadays is cultured in several parts of the world including brazil in the state of bahia.
Antivirulence potential of eugenolrich fraction of syzygium. For the purpose of this study, 250g of flower buds of. Eugenia caryophyllata, spices, medicinal plant, chemical composition, biological. By means of bioassaydirected chromatographic fractionation, eight active compounds were isolated from this extract and were identified as 5,7. This page is regularly updated, to include the most recently available clinical trial evidence. Small, oblong fruit with little pulp, similar to the java plum.
Syzygium aromatic clove, family myrtaceae, were obtained. The plant contains anthocyanins, glucoside, ellagic acid, isoquercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin as its chief active constituents. The plant is commercially harvested in indonesia, as well as in india. Skeels myrtaceae commonly known as indian blackberry. They are native to the maluku islands in indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice. Ethanolic extract of four medicinal plants were subjected to in vitro antibacterial evaluation against few human pathogenic strains by joshi et al. Requires a humid, warm tropical climate with lots of water yearround.
The scientific name for the plant is syzygium aromaticum, however due to its popularity the name clove has become synonymous with both the spice and the plant itself. Syzygium aromaticum in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Syzygium aromaticum is a medium sized evergreen tree that requires a moist tropical climate. Based on article 16d1, article 16f and article 16h of directive 200183ec as amended traditional use final.
The most important species is the clove syzygium aromaticum, the unopened flower buds are an important spice. Eugenia cariophylata common ly known as clove, is an median size tree 8 12 m from the m irtaceae family native from the. Cloves are available throughout the year due to different harvest seasons in different countries. Syzygium aromaticum health effects and herbal facts. The antibacterial properties of syzygium aromaticum commonly known as clove tested. Pdf medicinal plants are generating an everincreasing amount of interest due to the. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 199236 with original publication details. Clove comes from india, and was one of the most overlooked spices before the advent of the refrigerator. Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family myrtaceae. The plant is commercially harvested in indonesia, as well as in india, pakistan, sri lanka, comoro islands, madagascar, seychelles, and tanzania.
This species is native to the hunan province in southeastern china. Jan 30, 2020 many plant species have been reported to have pharmacological activities attributable to their phytoconstituents such are glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, alkaloids, terpenes, etc. A downloadable pdf document of a book in prepublication awaiting illustration. Patneng dagitoy iti isisla maluku iti indonesia, ken kadawyan a maususar a kas rekado.
The dried flower buds of this tree are the cloves of commerce and used medicinally for countless things. The clove tree is an evergreen that grows up to 812 metres 2639 ft tall, with large leaves and crimson flowers grouped in terminal clusters. Syzygium aromaticum is a native to indonesia and is the clove plant. Its antimicrobial potential was established when its essential oil extracts killed many. The genus comprises about 12001800 species, and has a native range that extends from africa and madagascar through southern asia east through the pacific. Syzygium aromaticum is a tree in the family myrtaceae, native to indonesia with the.
Pdf chemical constituents of clove syzygium aromaticum, f am. Syzygium aromaticum clove, zanzibar redhead pfaf plant database. The genus comprises about 12001800 species, 3 4 and has a native range that extends from africa and madagascar through southern asia east through the pacific. Clove syzygium aromaticum is one of the most valuable spices that has been used for centuries as food preservative and for many medicinal purposes. Cloves are aromatic plants that member of the family myrtaceae. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. Approved by german commission e as a remedy for for sore throats and toothache. Herbal substances binomial scientific name of the plant, including plant part.
Syzygium aromaticum is a good herb that is used in both food and medicine. Fresh seeds should be planted soon after removal from the. Perry one of the earliest known spices in trade, the dried, aromatic flower buds produced by this mediumsized tree are familiar to many of us as a common kitchen spice. Syzygium aromaticum is used in combination with other plants as an alcoholic infusion by traditional practitioners to treat infections. Considering the emergence of biofilmassociated pathogens with multidrug resistance, the objectives of the present study was to evaluate the antivirulence property of syzygium. This plant represents one of the richest source of phenolic compounds such as eugenol, eugenol acetate and gallic acid and posses great. Evergreen tree to 25 m 80 ft tall, with young stems grayish white and lower bark coarse and discolored. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Syzygium aromaticum egyptian journal of microbiology. Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial evaluation of syzygium aromaticum extract and essential oil simiat olanike jimoh1, lateefah adelanke arowolo1 and kazeem adelani alabi2 1microbiology unit, department of biological sciences, college of natural and applied sciences, fountain university osogbo, osun state, nigeria. Clove syzygium aromaticum is a plant derived spice that has. The tree that creates the miracle of nature originated from the moluccas islands, actually known as spice island. Pdf phytochemical evaluation and pharmacological activity of. The dried flower buds of this tree are the cloves of commerce.
Oct 07, 2019 clove syzygium aromaticum is one of the worlds most valuable spices and has been used for centuries as a food preservative and for many medicinal purposes. A wealth of colour photographs bring each plant vividly to life. Safety assessment of syzygium aromaticum flower bud clove extract with respect to testicular function in mice. Ti syzygium aromaticum ket ti sebbangan ti kayo iti pamilai ti myrtaceae.
Our evidencebased analysis on syzygium aromaticum features 6 unique references to scientific papers. Syzygium aromaticum is an evergreen tree growing to 20 m 65ft by 20 m 65ft at a slow rate. Antivirulence potential of eugenolrich fraction of. You may have never heard of the plant syzygium aromaticum however, if you like to cook you are probably familiar cloves. Cloves syzygium aromaticum herbal monograph brett elliott.
However, these usually arise with excessive intake. Efficacy of clove syzygium aromaticum extracts on food. To present a comprehensive report on the properties of clove based on an analysis of con. Potential of clove of syzygium aromaticum in development. It also has its own shortcomings, such as seizures, skin and mouth sensitivity, numbness, erectile dysfunction in men, allergic reactions, and breathing problems, among many others. Monograph of syzygium aromaticum 3 introduction ayurveda, the knowledge of life, is the ancient system of medicine which came into existence s of years ago with an objective of maintaining health of the people and treating diseases. Dec 01, 2011 clove oil syzygium aromaticum is widely used as a perfume and food flavoring, as a medicine for the treatment of asthma and various allergic disorders in korea, and as a general antiseptic in medical dental practices. Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial evaluation of. Antibacterial activities of syzygium aromaticum oil. The fruits were used as plant material while the microbial germs consisted of six reference strains. Syzygium aromaticum clove is a traditional spice that has been used for food preservation and possesses various pharmacological activities. For centuries the trade of clove and the search of this valuable spice stimulated the economic development of this asiatic region kamatou et al. Syzygium aromaticum, caryophyllus aromaticus, eugenia caryophyllata, eugenia caryophyllus family. A superb book, very concise and well written, giving a wealth of information on 400 or more species including descriptions, habitat, cultivation details and plant uses.
Cloves syzygium aromaticum, eugenia aromaticum or eugenia caryophyllata are the aromatic dried flower buds, which are commonly used in biryanis, pickles, salads and garam masala. Used as food additive, material, medicine and social. The flower buds initially have a pale hue, gradually turn green, then transition to a bright red when ready for harvest. Indoor cultivation is problematic mostly because of lack of air humidity that this plant needs for successful growth. Found in peninsular florida, mostly in southernmost counties. Asian journal of plant science and research, 2011, 1 2. Now plant material was dissolved in 70% ethanol and 80% methanol 2. The dove has been used in india and china, for over 2,000 years, as a spice to check both tooth decay and counter halitosis that is bad breath.
Clove plant, syzygium aromaticum, is also known as. Clove oil syzygium aromaticum is widely used as a perfume and food flavoring, as a medicine for the treatment of asthma and various allergic disorders in korea, and as a general antiseptic in medical dental practices. Syzygium aromaticum, caryophyllus aromaticus, eugenia. Syzygium species, clove, nail tree syzygium aromaticum. The latin word clavus means nail shaped, referring to the bud. Jaman, is a large tree distributed throughout upper gangetic plains, bihar, orissa, planted in west bengal, deccan, konkan region. Efficacy of clove syzygium aromaticum extracts on food borne pathogens ali m1, nas fs2. Perry is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus syzygium family myrtaceae. Clove syzygium aromaticum is a plant derived spice that has been traditionally used as a natural medicine for the treatment for various ailments including dental diseases. People use the oils, dried flower buds, leaves, and stems to make medicine.
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